Letšeng Mine consists of two primary vertical kimberlite pipes, together with deposits of alluvial gravels. The two pipes are adjacent, with cone-shaped sections and confirmed vertical depths of 495 and 655 metres respectively. Recent average grade is 2.05 carats for Satellite pipe and 1.45 carats for Main pipe per hundred tonnes. Both the satellite and main pipe are mined using the traditional open-pit techniques of drill, blast, load and haul. With approximately 14 percent of all stones being larger than 10,8 carats, accounting to 70% of the revenue the production profile is more akin to that of an alluvial than a kimberlite mine.

With the investment of over US$50 million in the construction of a second plant the mine has a total processing capacity of over 7 million tonnes per year and recovery of approximately 100 000 carats per year, which makes Letšeng Mine the seventh largest kimberlite mine in the world.